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<p>就是回车(CR, ASCII 13, \r) 换行(LF, ASCII 10, \n)。</p>
<p>换行在有的<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://baike.baidu.com/item/ASCII">ASCII</a>码表也用newline（简nl）来进行表示,这里的lf是line feed的概念，意思是一样的。</p>
<p>这两个ACSII字符不会在屏幕有任何输出，但在Windows中广泛使用来标识一行的结束。而在Linux/UNIX系统中只有换行符。</p>
<h3 id="CRLF命令"><a href="#CRLF命令" class="headerlink" title="CRLF命令"></a>CRLF命令</h3><table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th align="left">代码</th>
<th align="left">ASCII码</th>
<th align="left">符号</th>
<th align="left">概念</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td align="left">CR</td>
<td align="left">13</td>
<td align="left">\r</td>
<td align="left">光标移到行首</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">LF</td>
<td align="left">10</td>
<td align="left">\n</td>
<td align="left">光标垂直移到下行</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">CRLF</td>
<td align="left"></td>
<td align="left">%0d%0a</td>
<td align="left"></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>注意:但是不同的操作系统行的结束符是不一样的,所以同一文件在不同操作系统中打开，内容格式可能会出现差异，这是行结束符不一致导致的。</p>
<ul>
<li>Windows：使用CRLF表示行的结束</li>
<li>Linux/Unix：使用LF表示行的结束</li>
<li>MacOS：早期使用CR表示，现在好像也用LF表示行的结束</li>
</ul>
<p>在HTTP规范中，行应该使用CRLF来结束。首部与主体由两个CRLF分隔，浏览器根据这两个CRLF来获取HTTP内容并显示。</p>
<h3 id="CRLF注入"><a href="#CRLF注入" class="headerlink" title="CRLF注入"></a>CRLF注入</h3><p>就是说黑客能够将CRLF命令注入到系统中。它不是系统或<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6">服务器软件</a>的漏洞，而是网站应用开发时，有些开发者没有意识到此类攻击存在的可能而造成的。</p>
<p>针对这个漏洞黑客能够做什么？</p>
<p>就算黑客发现网站存在CRLF注入，他们仍然受到应用结构和这个缺陷的严重程度的限制。</p>
<p>对有些站点它将非常严重，而有些站点它只是很小的bug。</p>
<p>HTTP Header CRLF Injection</p>
<p>许多<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE">网络协议</a>，包括HTTP也使用CRLF来表示每一行的结束。这就意味着用户可以通过CRLF注入自定义HTTP header，导致用户可以不经过<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8%E5%B1%82">应用层</a>直接与Server对话。</p>
<p>HTTP header的定义就是基于这样的”Key: Value”的结构，用CRLF命令表示一行的结尾。</p>
<p>“Location:”头用来表示重定向的URL地址，”Set-Cookie:”头用来设置cookies。</p>
<p>如果用户的输入经过验证，其中存在CRLF的<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E5%AD%97%E7%AC%A6">字符</a>就可以被用来达到欺骗的目的。</p>
<h4 id="CRLF漏洞原理"><a href="#CRLF漏洞原理" class="headerlink" title="CRLF漏洞原理"></a>CRLF漏洞原理</h4><p>描述：CRLF注入漏洞的本质和XSS有点相似，攻击者将恶意数据发送给易受攻击的Web应用程序，Web应用程序将恶意数据输出在HTTP响应头中。（XSS一般输出在主体中） 所以CRLF注入漏洞的检测也和XSS漏洞的检测差不多。通过修改HTTP参数或URL，注入恶意的CRLF，查看构造的恶意数据是否在响应头中输出。</p>
<p><em>原理1：找到输入点，构造恶意的CRLF字符</em> 描述:header可控的请求我们就可以尝试进行CRLF注入作为演示</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">#现在HTTP标头中的每一行都由CRLF分隔（如前所述，这是不可打印的ASCII字符）。</span><br><span class="line">#Request [CRLF]</span><br><span class="line">GET /test/demo.php?url=https://weiyigeek.github.io [CRLF]</span><br><span class="line">Host: 127.0.0.1 [CRLF]</span><br><span class="line">User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; rv:69.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/69.0 [CRLF]</span><br><span class="line">Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8 [CRLF]</span><br><span class="line">Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2  [CRLF]</span><br><span class="line">Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate [CRLF]</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">#Response</span><br><span class="line">HTTP/1.1 200 OK [CRLF]</span><br><span class="line">Connection: keep-alive [CRLF]</span><br><span class="line">Content-Encoding: deflate [CRLF]</span><br><span class="line">Locations=https://weiyigeek.github.io [CRLF]</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>抓包在请求行的url参数中加入特殊构造的CRLF字符,查看恶意数据是否在响应头中多了个Set-Cookie字段，如果证实了该系统存在CRLF注入漏洞就可以进行下一步；</p>
<img src="/2022/05/16/CRLF/1.png" class="">



<p>具体请看 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/1728657">https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/1728657</a></p>
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class="announcement_content">This is my Blog</div></div><div class="sticky_layout"><div class="card-widget" id="card-toc"><div class="item-headline"><i class="fas fa-stream"></i><span>目录</span><span class="toc-percentage"></span></div><div class="toc-content"><ol class="toc"><li class="toc-item toc-level-1"><a class="toc-link" href="#CRLF"><span class="toc-number">1.</span> <span class="toc-text">CRLF</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E7%AE%80%E4%BB%8B%EF%BC%9A"><span class="toc-number">1.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">简介：</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#CRLF%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4"><span class="toc-number">1.1.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">CRLF命令</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#CRLF%E6%B3%A8%E5%85%A5"><span class="toc-number">1.1.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">CRLF注入</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#CRLF%E6%BC%8F%E6%B4%9E%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86"><span class="toc-number">1.1.2.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">CRLF漏洞原理</span></a></li></ol></li></ol></li></ol></li></ol></div></div><div class="card-widget card-recent-post"><div class="item-headline"><i class="fas fa-history"></i><span>最新文章</span></div><div class="aside-list"><div class="aside-list-item"><a class="thumbnail" href="/2023/11/06/2023%E8%93%9D%E5%B8%BD%E6%9D%AF%E5%86%B3%E8%B5%9BWP/" title="2023蓝帽杯决赛WP"><img src="https://xyhutc.oss-cn-qingdao.aliyuncs.com/giteetuchuang/20231106163334.png" onerror="this.onerror=null;this.src='/img/404.jpg'" alt="2023蓝帽杯决赛WP"/></a><div class="content"><a class="title" href="/2023/11/06/2023%E8%93%9D%E5%B8%BD%E6%9D%AF%E5%86%B3%E8%B5%9BWP/" title="2023蓝帽杯决赛WP">2023蓝帽杯决赛WP</a><time datetime="2023-11-06T08:31:51.000Z" title="发表于 2023-11-06 16:31:51">2023-11-06</time></div></div><div class="aside-list-item"><a class="thumbnail" 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